Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
The Provincial Royal Cult in The City of Ptolemais: The Southern Twin of Alexandria during the Greaco Roman period
1
17
EN
Farag
Zaki
Lecturer, Tourist Guidance Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University
farag.shehata@mu.edu.eg
Doaa
Ahmed
Assistant Professor, Tourist Guidance Department, Faculty of tourism and Hotels, Minia University
doaa.abdelmotaal@gmail.com
10.21608/jaauth.2021.105060.1262
The city of Ptolemais was an important religious center during the Graeco-Roman period. The city had its system of cults, directed toward either many deities or the defied members of the royal family. This research aims to study the royal cult in the city during the Graeco-Roman period. It explains the official Greek local cult, centered in the city and addressed to Ptolemy I “Soter” and the Ptolemaic kings in addition to the cult of the Roman emperors. The paper also analyzes the origins of the cult and its development. It illustrates the role of the city to supervise the temples of Soter outside of the city. A historical and analytical methodology is used. The results reveal that there was an official Greek local cult centered in the city, dedicated to Ptolemy I and the other rulers of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt.
Ptolemais,religion,Priests,Ptolemy,Graeco-Roman period
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_206843.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_206843_287d48592d51232f2d6ae9fa8b79e1d6.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Abu Ayad Mosque in Luxor: Tourist Archaeological Study
18
47
EN
Shaban
AbdElrazik
Assistant Professor in Tourist Guidance Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University
shaaban.samir@mu.edu.eg
Mohamed
Sahry Bershawy Abd ElAzim
Lecturer in Tourist Guidance Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University
mohamedsahry14@yahoo.com
10.21608/jaauth.2021.106521.1266
This research deals with one of the architectural monuments and archaeological tombstones in Luxor, which is one of the most archaeological tourist attraction cities in Egypt, namely, Abu Ayad Mosque. Shedding light on this mosque is of particular significance as it is the first time to be researched, despite the abundant archaeological studies that dealt with religious establishments in Egypt in general and in Upper Egypt in particular. The present mosque is considered an architectural masterpiece with all its details, architectural, decorative, and artistic features. It also of archaeological value as it dates back to an important period of Egypt's history, i.e., the modern era. Hence, this research focuses on the importance of this mosque archaeologically and architecturally. It also approaches the tourist mechanisms of bringing it into focus as a landmark contributing to the heritage tourism system in its area. Therefore, the research adopts the comparative analytical and descriptive approach to reach new results.
Abu Ayad Mosque,Prince of Upper Egypt,Luxor,native style
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_209615.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_209615_6cab49b60eae6f2198e994d1901179bb.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
A Neglected Built Heritage: The Museum of the Suez Canal Authority in Port Said
48
78
EN
raghda
yehia
seddik
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels Management. Helwan University
raghda.yehia@fth.helwan.edu.eg
Randa
Alaa El-Din
Fouad
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels Management. Helwan University
randa.alaa@fth.helwan.edu.eg
10.21608/jaauth.2021.106687.1267
Port Said is renowned for its richness in the tangible and intangible cultural heritage. It has a cosmopolitan heritage for being inhabited by various nationalities and religions. Its archeological and urban heritage affluence is evident in the diversity of its distinctive architectural buildings, which reflect the heritage aspects of its people throughout modern history. In this perspective, the Museum of the Suez Canal Authority, locally known as the Villa of Eugénie, is considered one of Port Said’s exceptional cultural heritage assets that lacks proper and adequate attention. Thus, this paper aims at illustrating the functional role of the so-called Villa of Eugénie from its construction in 1866 to date. It also focuses on its development history, current condition. A qualitative approach was followed in this paper through conducting in-depth interviews with 18 key stakeholders engaged with Port Said’s cultural heritage. In addition, a SWOT analysis was carried out to highlight the positive aspects and existing impediments and to identify the appropriate strategic solutions for the current problems. The findings indicate that the museum is closed and the majority of its collection has been relocated to the International Museum of the Suez Canal Authority in Ismailia. Furthermore, the building is neither registered on Port Said’s heritage list nor the UNESCO’S World Heritage List, although it is 155-year-old. As a consequence, the museum should be registered on Port Said’s heritage list. Moreover, it should be reopened as it forms an integral part of the Port Saidians’ history, identity, and outstanding cultural heritage.
The French Empress Eugénie,Port Said’s cultural heritage,the Villa of Eugénie,The Museum of the Suez Canal Authority,SWOT Analysis
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_210712.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_210712_988347bb0cfda9ca4116dab7842df449.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Archaeological and Historical Evidences of the Existence of the Cult of Mithra in Egypt in the Graeco-Roman Period
79
99
EN
Rehab
Sharafeldean
Tour Guiding Department, The Higher Institute of Tourism and Hotels, KIng Mariout, Alexandria, Egypt
rehab_sharaf@hotmail.com
10.21608/jaauth.2022.113022.1281
Mithra or Mithras was one of the most popular deities during the Roman times. The origin of this god is a subject of debate among the scholars; some suggest that it has an Indo-Iranian origin, while others believe that it came originally from Asia Minor. The cult of Mithra was a secret cult; therefore, the evidences of its presence are very humble. The main objective of this study is to represent different archaeological and historical evidences for the existence of the cult of Mithra in Egypt. The descriptive analytical method is employed to review the most important theoretical writings of scholars and their debate over the existence of Mithra in Egypt. This method was useful in studying and interpreting temples, sanctuaries, reliefs and papyri of Mithra in Egypt. The study concludes that despite the common debate over the cult of Mithra, archaeological evidences prove that the presence and worship of Mithra had started most probably from the Persian dynasty of the ancient Egyptian history (252-404 BC), which is the 27<sup>th</sup> dynasty, and the reason for scarcity of evidences of Mithra in Egypt is due to the fact that Mithra had a secret cult which was not permitted to be practiced publicly. The study has a significance importance as most of the studies focus on studying its archaeological sites in Rome. This study sheds light on the archaeological and historical evidences of Mithras’s worship in Egypt, which will have a useful impact on the studies of both Egyptologists and classical scholars.
Evidences,Secret Cult,Mithraism,Indo-Iranian,Mithraic Liturgy
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_214968.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_214968_c193897f92239e94d8530b7fe84375a7.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
New Light on the Possible Reasons for Representing the Nine Bows in Some 18th Dynasty Private Theban Tombs
100
117
EN
Mohamed
Zein
0000-0003-4654-4655
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Luxor University, Egypt
mohamed.zein@fth.luxor.edu.eg
10.21608/jaauth.2022.110733.1278
In only some 18<sup>th</sup> dynasty Theban private tombs that few scenes depicted the king in his royal kiosk with the Nine Bows as a decorative motif. This motif had disappeared from the private Theban scenes of the latter periods for unknown reasons. Therefore, this paper aims at identifying the locations of the tombs including these scenes, their dates and the titles of their owners. It also displays and examines the scenes showing this motif in the Theban private tombs and their types to understand the possible reasons behind their appearance in certain tombs and times and disappearance in the later times. It uses analytical descriptive methodology for the scenes and their contexts. It concludes that the representation of the Nine Bows in the funerary context was because of political context of the country, social state of the owner of the tomb and a reflection of religious funerary belief on the funerary art during a short time. The disappearance of this phenomenon was maybe of a change of artistic style or kings’ desire to limit this icon to their monuments.
Nine Bows,Decorative motif,Royal kiosk,Social state, Political context,Funerary belief,Artistic reflection
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_219041.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_219041_983b52cd8701ef83fcf601834ce17331.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Monitoring the Causes of Tax Evasion in the Egyptian Tourism Sector
118
130
EN
Hany Ahmed
Khattab
Tourism Studies Department, Tourism and Hotels Faculty October 6 University
hanikhattab@hotmail.com
Amira Hassan
Abdou
Tourism Studies Department, Tourism and Hotels Faculty October 6 University
amirahassan412@yahoo.com
10.21608/jaauth.2022.109470.1274
Taxes have been known since ancient times and were the only financial source for the state or the governing body. The tax is one of the sources from which countries derive the necessary funds to meet their public expenditures to provide services such as education, health, security and others. The state can achieve it by imposing a tax that enables the state to intervene in economic and productive activities and direct these activities in the right direction. Taxes in modern age cannot be deducted without causing repercussions on consumption, savings, production and investment, but the taxpayer is working hard to get rid of the tax burden in various forms. This study shows the most important reasons that drive taxpayers to evade the tax in the Egyptian tourism sector, due to its economic importance whether Direct and indirect represented by foreign tourists' spending, added value, employment and tax revenue. The tax revenue directly related to the spending of foreign tourists is estimated at 6.3 billion Egyptian pounds, which is equivalent to 1.5% of the total direct and indirect taxes.
Taxes,tourism companies,Evasion,Egyptian sectors
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_214972.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_214972_ab69dacc27121381253bd975c5c528a5.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Presenteeism of Restaurants Employees: Interaction Effects of Responsible Leadership, Organizational Commitment and Turnover Intentions
131
155
EN
Mohamed
Agina
Higher Institute for Specific Studies, Heliopolis Future Academy
mohamadfathy.eg@gmail.com
Ahmed
Abuelnasr
Higher Institute for Specific Studies, Heliopolis Future Academy
dr.ahmed.abulnasr@fa-hiss.edu.eg
10.21608/jaauth.2021.105881.1263
Contemporary leaders are often under growing pressure to carry out their responsibilities with a greater sense of urgency. Responsible leadership (RL) represents an interesting and significant integration for organizational responsibility. Social responsibility has gained great interest but, there hasn't been much focus on the impact of RL on employees’ outcomes such as presenteeism (PT), organizational commitment (OC), and turnover intentions (TI). PT or going to work while sick and can't perform at full capacity causes a loss of production and a severe financial impact on organizations. The objective of the current research was to assess how the PT of restaurant employees interacts with RL, OC, and TI. Data were obtained from 35 fine dining restaurants in Egypt, Greater Cairo area. A total of 440 questionnaires were gathered in all. For the final analysis of data, only 385 surveys were acceptable. The findings showed that PT, RL, TI all had a significant positive correlation. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation between PT and OC was also stated.
Presenteeism,Responsible Leadership,organizational commitment
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_207603.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_207603_2411f4c4d1308d6078d5751d2e77a63e.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Big Data Analytics’ Utilization in Egyptian Hotels’ Decision-Making: What are The Challenges of Applying BDA?
156
170
EN
Omar
Noby
0000-0003-4841-3835
Hotel Management Dep, Faculty of Tourism &amp; Hotels, Luxor University, Luxor, Egypt.
omarnoby2018@gmail.com
Ahmed
Rady
Hotel Management, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
ahmed.rady@mu.edu.eg
Sabreen
Gaber
Abd Eljalil
Tourism Studies Dep, Faculty of Tourism & Hotels, Luxor University, Luxor, Egypt.
sabreenjalil@fth.luxor.edu.eg
10.21608/jaauth.2021.106301.1265
Big Data Analytics (BDA) helps all kinds of organizations in both the public and private sectors to make better, faster, and more efficient decisions. Therefore, the research aims to explore BDA utilization in Egyptian hotels’ decision-making. Moreover, to explore the difficulties those face managers of five stars’ hotels and chains to apply BDA. This research developed all measurements using scales suggested by previous authors. The current research utilized the quantitative approach represented in a questionnaire. A five-point Likert scale was used to test the attitude of the hotel managers toward research variables. Participators shared in this survey are hotel’ managers in hotel chains and five-star hotels in the governorates of Luxor, Aswan, the Red Sea, and Sharm El-Sheikh city. The research found that, hotels need to rationalize costs and create new opportunities, using BDA helps to increase the effectiveness, and making the right decision helps managers to achieve hotel goals. On the other hand, the challenges faced by hotels are the high cost of using BDA applications and the difficulty of security data. Furthermore, senior management should provide full financial support for the BDA application, which is considered beneficial in achieving hotel goals.
Big Data (BD),Big Data Analytics (BDA),decision-making,Hotel managers
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_209618.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_209618_76388eb6c7e6229ea9a3141c465729f7.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Uncovering Sexual Harassment Issues in the Workplace: A Study on Hotels in Egypt
171
192
EN
Reham
Touni
Hotel Management Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University
reham.toni@mu.edu.eg
Hussien
Mohamed Hussien
Hotel Management Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University
hussien.mohammed@mu.edu.eg
10.21608/jaauth.2021.106036.1264
<span><span>This study aims to uncover issues related to sexual harassment in the Egyptian hotels and investigate the managerial policies, practices, and procedures against it. The study depended on two data collection methods (questionnaire and interview). A total of 150 questionnaires were distributed to female students who confronted sexual harassment (SH) incidents during their summer training in hotels. Of this, 120 were deemed fit for analysis. SPSS was used to analyze the collected data and answer the research questions. The study held interviews with human resource managers in hotels to understand the issue from a managerial perspective. The qualitative data was analyzed based on a content analysis approach. The findings show that the food and beverage department is the most commonplace in the hotel where the victim is sexually harassed. Verbal harassment is the most type of SH that occurs in hotels. The cause of SH is men's power over the victim. Only 20% of victims reported the incident, and approximately half of them were physically harassed. The most frequent effects of SH on victims are low confidence, loss of desire to work, and low job performance. The analysis of the interviews declared that hotels perform some practices against SH. They organize training programs to educate employees about SH issues, and facilitate reporting incidents. However, they have some shortages in their practicies and procedures.The study highlights several implications for the hotels' management in Egypt, enriches knowledge, and fills a gap in previous research studies by investigating SH in the Egyptian hospitality setting.</span></span>
Sexual Harassment,Workplace,Hotels,Egypt,causes
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_210024.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_210024_73cb70a18aa409716697f6e3230fa816.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Evaluating The Digital Citizenship Level: An Applied Study on Hotel Employees in Alexandria
193
217
EN
Mohamed
Salah
Ghanem
The Higher Institute for Tourism, Hotels and Computer Sciences, El-Seyouf, Alexandria, Egypt.
m.ghanem2008@gmail.com
10.21608/jaauth.2021.103067.1258
Information and communication technology has spread widely to cover all aspects of our lives which has led to the emergence of a new concept known as 'Digital Citizenship'. In general, this research paper aims to evaluate the levels of digital citizenship among a sample of employees in a number of four and five star hotels in Alexandria city. For the purposes of the study, the nine dimensions of digital citizenship that referred to by most of the previous literature were classified into three main groups. The first group, digital respect, includes digital access, digital etiquette and digital law. The second group, represented in digital education, includes digital communication, digital literacy and digital commerce. The third and final group, digital protection, focuses on digital rights and responsibilities, digital safety and security and digital health and wellness. The results indicated that there was no high level of digital protection among the research sample, despite the presence of a high level of digital respect and digital education among the research sample when using technology.
digital citizenship,Digital Respect,Digital Education,Digital Protection,Hospitality Industry
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_210023.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_210023_b4e0f669b740748bfc05a35cd469b006.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
The Mediating Role of Co-Creation Tourism Experience on Promoting Sales via Social Media Platforms: Egyptian Travel Agencies Perspective
218
240
EN
Rania
Orabi
0000-0002-3668-5115
High institute of tourism, Hotel Management and Monuments Restoration, Abou Qir-Alexandria
rania_orabi@yahoo.com
10.21608/jaauth.2022.116226.1289
This study aims to discuss the impact of the co-creation tourism experience on promoting sales and to examine how travel agencies can allow their customers to participate through social media platforms in developing and designing their trips. To do so, a survey was implemented among a set of travel agencies in Egypt, who are based on the concept of co-creation tourism experience through social media platforms to boost their sales. Using structural equation modelling, this study examines how social media platforms influence sales promotion by studying the mediating effect of the co-creation tourism experience. The proposed model was tested on a sample of 177 travel agencies. The results have demonstrated the effective role of the co-creation tourism experience as a mediating factor in boosting sales of Egyptian travel agencies via social media platforms. Therefore, many travel agencies have tried to exploit the social media tools to assist tourists’ involvement in value creation systems to promote their sales and keep their competitive position in the tourism field.
Co-Creation,Tourism Experience,Sales promotion,social media
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_223572.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_223572_661b2d5e707f57f8cba26fbc1b023ee1.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Amina Hanim Elhami (Valide Pasha) Palace at Istanbul City - Historical Architectural study
241
259
EN
Amal
Ibrahim
0000-0002-7586-8053
Tourism Guidance Department, Tourism and Hotels Faculty, Mansoura University
phd.amalibrahim@gmail.com
10.21608/jaauth.2021.103906.1260
This study aims to identify one of the most important royal palaces and architectural structures buildings that were built by the kings and princes of the Alawite family in the Turkish city of Istanbul. Amina Hanim Alhami (Valide Pasha) which is currently occupied by the Egyptian Consulate building in Istanbul and owned by the State of the Arab Republic of Egypt. Palace is also considered one of the most important architectural icons built in the European style -Art Nouveau- on the banks of the Bosphorus. Which necessitated highlighting it as one of the most prominent tourist attractions owned by the Arab Republic of Egypt abroad, it represents as well the extension of the architectural and urban contributions of the Alawite family inside and outside Egypt and reflecting their social lifestyle and status of the Alawite family outside Egypt. Study reviews palace’s historical and architectural datum, starts with a detailed biography of Amina Hanim Elhami’s birth, marriage, social and architectural contributions inside and outside Egypt. Then describing the historical study of the palace since 1781 AD until now and describes and analyzes how the ownership of the palace was transferred between several people, including Sultan Abdul Hamid II and Khedive Abbas Helmy II till Amina Hanim Elhami ending with the ownership of the Egyptian government. It also demonstrates a detailed architectural study attached with pictures of the palace from inside and outside with elaborated description of the distinctive architectural elements of the building.
Egyptian properties abroad,Valide Pasha's palace in Istanbul,Egyptian Consulate Building in Istanbul,Art Nouveau architects,Social life of the kings and princes of the Alawi family
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_206844.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_206844_0b939785bb110b19fcb7bd90a6cb81c2.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
The Impact of Electronic Tourism Marketing Systems on The Characteristics and Behavior of The Digital Tourism Consumer in Light of Smart Mobile Phone Technology (As an Intermediate Variable)
260
292
EN
samah
Youssef
Lecturer of Tourism Studies, Higher Institute for Specific Studies
samahabdelhafiz@outlook.com
10.21608/jaauth.2021.104618.1261
This study was conducted with the aim of researching the impact of electronic tourism marketing systems on the characteristics and behavior of the digital tourist consumer in the presence of smart mobile phone technology (as an intermediate variable). Is there an impact of the use of smart mobile phone technology and its applications on the digital tourist consumer when completing the purchase of the tourism product. The electronic questionnaire was used as a means of data collection, which was launched through the Internet. The results of the study concluded that there is a significant relationship between electronic tourism marketing systems and the characteristics and behaviors of the digital tourist consumer, as well as the existence of a significant impact relationship between smart mobile phone technology and the characteristics and behaviors of the digital tourist consumer, in addition to the existence of a significant influence relationship between smart mobile phone technology and electronic tourism marketing systems . The results confirmed the existence of a significant effect of smart mobile phone technology (as an intermediate variable) on the influence relationship between each of the electronic tourism marketing systems and the characteristics and behaviors of the digital tourist consumer. By adopting smart phone technology and its tourism applications and integrating them into tourism marketing operations in Egypt.
Destination Residents,empowerment,Positive Support,sustainable tourism,Saudi Arabia
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_205845.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_205845_fcdf337c216ce34a94e4d6eee261aa4e.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
Development of Heritage Tourism in Egypt and The Strategy of Including it on The Tourist Map: Applying to St. Catherine Area
293
325
EN
Aisha
Eltohamy
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum university
aat00@fayoum.edu.eg
Alaa eldin
Abdellatif
Cairo Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotels - Almoqatm
alaaosama650@yahoo.com
10.21608/jaauth.2022.106887.1268
Heritage tourism is the most popular modern tourist pattern. which is witnessing an increasing number of tourists worldwide. It is also of economic and cultural importance to many countries. Egypt is at the forefront of countries that have many tourist attractions with heritage of all kinds in many tourist destinations, including St<strong>. </strong>Catherine in South Sinai, one of the most important tourist destinations in Egypt with its religious, cultural, civilizational, and natural value. Despite the importance and value of the heritage components that the Saint Catherine region enjoys, it has not yet been optimally exploited. It was also not properly included on the tourist map of Egypt. This research aims to identify all the natural, cultural, and civilizational potentials of the St. Catherine area to highlight its important role in the development of heritage tourism in Egypt, and then to plan a strategy for its development and include it on Egypt’s tourist map. Among the recommendations made in the research are setting plans and programmes to establish and implement heritage tourism projects in the area of St. Catherine that are compatible with the conservation of the environment, monuments, civilization, and cultural heritage.
Heritage Tourism,the strategy,tourist map,St. Catherine
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_215208.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_215208_1bf27a930560601724082e7652ef3b9f.pdf
Suez Canal University; Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management
Journal of Association of Arab Universities for Tourism and Hospitality
1687-1863
2682-4612
21
5
2021
12
01
The Impact of Entrepreneurial Marketing on The Marketing Performance of Egyptian Travel Agencies
326
346
EN
Abeer
Abdel wahed
Tourism studies Dept, High Institute of Tourism & Hotels, 6 October City
abeer1661973@gmail.com
10.21608/jaauth.2022.68069.1186
The study aimed to assess the impact of the Egyptian travel agencies' application of entrepreneurial marketing and its five dimensions on the marketing performance of these agencies. The sample of the study was represented by managers of travel agencies – category (A) - and their employees in Cairo, where 481 questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of them. In analyzing data, the study relied on 388 questionnaires valid for analysis. The study concluded that the application of entrepreneurial marketing in travel agencies has a significant and positive impact on their marketing performance. The results also showed that the effect of creating value for customers on marketing performance is the strongest, followed by the effect of customer focus, then risk management, then creativity, and finally the effect of seizing marketing opportunities.
Entrepreneurial Marketing,Marketing performance,Customers, Creativity,Innovation,Travel Agencies,Egypt
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_214963.html
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_214963_e8770f637dde89ef9fd6cd53a6b700e2.pdf