ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Religious symbolism of the Palm Branch in the Greco-Roman Tombs of Egypt
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_61499_afcfd256032811269606a48d80cb79dd.pdf
2015-06-01
1
23
10.21608/jaauth.2015.61499
Wahid
Omran
1
Tourist Guidance Dept., Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Study of Babies’ Scenes in the Ancient Egyptian Private Tombs
Tombs scenes reflected how the ancient Egyptians are concerned with their babies. According to the instruction of any; the baby should be suckled for about three years to strengthen his immunity; this was to reduce the chances of the mother to be pregnant. Babies were to grow up with their mothers who superbly concerned with them during this period. From the tombs’ scenes; it is obvious how the ancient Egyptians cared about their babies on the contrary to the babies of the foreign women. Moreover, such scenes reflected the different positions in which the babies appear, and the difference between the babies of the common people, high class, and the babies of the foreigners and the slaves. Furthermore, these scenes also depict the scenes of deities while nursing the kings.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67230_c27f9ef9eb0e814cf4af395ffd04a0da.pdf
2015-06-04
25
34
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67230
Babies
Private tombs
ancient Egypt
Mona
Ezz
1
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Mansoura University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Other Face of Augustus’s Aggressive Inclination to Egypt
The initial attitude of Octavian against Egypt is proved by his speech to his troops on the evening before the battle of Actium. Pride in his Roman birth is compared to the despicability of an Egyptian woman as an opponent, who is supported by Dio Cassius reference.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67231_c762fe32b61ac9320861828f37ba722b.pdf
2015-06-04
35
56
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67231
Wahid
Omran
1
Tourist Guidance Dep., Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Minorities in Graeco Roman Alexandria: A Religious or a Racial Issue?
“The First City of the Civilized World” is the ideal description for the city of Alexandria, Egypt, in the fourth century BC. Despite the existence of many other cities carrying the name of Alexander the Great, the Alexandria he built in Egypt remained the most distinctive over three centuries. Built by the architect Dinocrates after being commissioned by Alexander the Great in April 331 B.C.E to design and construct a city carrying his name to be a hub where existing and ancient civilizations would interact. The city was built on a grid as a metropolis during the era of Antiquity (or Hellenistic Era). Like any populated city, Alexandria was a well situated city for many opportunities and attracted immigrants from all parts of the Greek empire. Though Alexandria was inhabited by a Greek majority, the city was home to many minority and immigrant populations - the largest of these being the Jewish and native Egyptian communities. Divisions of these inhabitants were not only based on race, but also were based on religion. This article discusses the different groups of minorities in Graeco Roman Alexandria, their role in the society, their relations with their each other and whether the distinction of these groups was based on race or religion.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67232_7a70a08b92fe6b786670604ebec20bcc.pdf
2015-06-04
58
64
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67232
Ethnic
minorities
negroids
Jews
Frumentius
the Alexandrian community
Cyrus of Persia
El Shaddai
Septuagint
Ethiopians
Shaza
Ismail
1
Department of Tourist Guidance - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Helwan University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Proposal for Revitalizing Some Ancient Egyptian Festivals for Tourists’ Attraction
Festival is a special event which is a public themed celebration based on specific themes. Festival Tourism plays an important role in the current tourism activities. The ancient Egyptians celebrated various festivals throughout the year, some of which were related to the king, others to the Nile and agricultural life, while the majority was related to their gods. The purpose of most of these festivals was to allow the people to behold their gods with their own eyes. This paper aims at investigating some of these festivals in regards to the possibility of revitalizing them as a means of tourists’ attraction.To serve the purpose of the study questionnaires were distributed among travel agencies, tourists’ authority and tourists. The study revealed that there is a will to organize them from tourists’ authority, and a will from travel agencies to involve them in tourists programs. The study ends with suggestions and a special agenda of these festivals throughout the year.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67233_fc530e9874778278d49418196ce534ed.pdf
2015-06-04
65
77
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67233
Proposal-Festivals
Revitalizing- Tourists’ Attraction
Tourists Authority
Ghada
Bassiony
1
Higher Institute of Tourism, Hotels and Computer - El-Seyouf, Alexandria
AUTHOR
Tarneem
Bayoumy
2
Higher Institute of Tourism, Hotels and Computer - El-Seyouf, Alexandria
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Significance of Pharaonic Royal Names in Graeco-Roman Temples
Some Pharaonic royal names could be attested in the Graeco-Roman temple inscriptions. The names of Khufu, Pepi I, Amenemhet I, and Tuthmosis III are found within the inscriptions of Dendera temple. The Ancient Egyptian royal names in Dendera refer to the buildings activities of those monarchs in the area, or a mention of some activities of the main festivals during the time of those kings. In Esna temple the name of Tuthmosis III is referred to, showing that the festival of Hathor is performed according to the way it was done during the time of this king. The Inscriptions of Edfu temple refer to two monarchs of the 12th dynasty, namely Amenemhet I and Senwsert I, who had special relation to the temple, and during their time the festivals of the temple were performed. The names of Darius I, Darius II, Nectanebo I, and Nectanebo II, were mentioned in the texts of Edfu temple, for they made donations to the temple during their time.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67234_bd90e9cfc846b9e0c98e091313ac10a9.pdf
2015-06-04
78
84
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67234
Pharaonic royal names
Graeco-Roman temples
Dendera
Esna
Edfu
Haitham
Abd El Hafeez
1
Tourist guidance department, Higher Institute for tourism and hotels (EGOTH) - Luxor
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Shapes and Functions of the Bell in Graeco-Roman Egypt
Bell was known in ancient Egypt since the predynastic period till the Coptic era,made of bronze, terracotta and faience, and took different shapes with various forms of handle and clapper. The bell's sound and shape had magical, protective, purificatory and apotropaic influence against evil powers.It was found mainly in graves, functioned as an amulet worn by the deceased,or inserted in the mummy wrappings with other amulets for protection,besides some other functions like being used as a musical instrument,pendant worn by domestic and sacrificial animals, and a signal instrument.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67235_68fa166d38c7b9ed3c0494043e570b85.pdf
2015-06-04
85
111
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67235
Bell-Musical Instrument
Idiophone-Percussion
Amulet-Apotropaic
Bronze-Terracotta-Faience
Clapper
Manal
Abd El-Hamid
1
Guidance Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Alexandria University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effectiveness of Training in the Tourism Context: Examining the Training Impact on Individual and Organizational Performance
training to determine results are beneficial to organizations and create value for stakeholders. This study was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of training by measuring its impact on organizational performance and individual performance. A quantitative method was approached and a survey was conducted for gathering employees’ perceptions about training effectiveness with reference to the Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum University as a case study. A two-step modeling technique was adopted in the data analysis. A pilot test was conducted to check the instrument validity and reliability. The structural model and study’s hypotheses were tested by using SPSS 19 and AMOS 22, and running descriptive analysis, regression analysis, and structural equation modeling (SEM). The study made a contribution to the understanding of training effectiveness in the context of tourism industry. The empirical results supported hypotheses and ensured that training has positive impact on individual performance and organizational performance. Also, the results revealed that individual performance has a mediating effect on the relationship between training and organizational performance and has positive impact on organizational effectiveness and efficiency. Tourism leaders should consider these results especially in assessing training needs, developing training plans and designing training course. Future studies can evaluate the effectiveness of training with larger sample and investigate factors that influence the process of training transfer.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67236_944e5eac754b728011dca0a6b1a2726a.pdf
2015-06-04
112
128
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67236
Training
performance
tourism
SEM
Egypt
Mohamed
Obaid
1
Department of Tourism Studies, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Fayoum University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Special Events in the Tourism and Hospitality Industry: A Comparative Study on Volunteering Motivations of University Students
This study investigates motivations of volunteering university students regarding participation in special tourism events, by taking the city of Alexandria, Egypt as a case study. Also, the gender effects on motivations are examined and a comparison between the public and private university students is carried out. Nine main motivational dimensions were analyzed including, experience, fun and enjoyment, people and friends, personnel purposes, community support, curriculum vitae and career, skills and knowledge, learning alanguage, and cultural. The results revealed that fun, experience and people had the highest impact on volunteering university students. No significant differences were found among private and public university students. Also, the results showed that females were significantly more likely to be motivated by the factor of community support than males. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings contribute in the development of special events industry and assist events' organizers and managers to update and develop different strategies that effectively meet the needs of current and potential volunteers.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67237_44689b992b51d5fed0eaf7f6edd2c4e3.pdf
2015-06-04
129
139
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67237
Event-management
Special events
university students
Volunteering
motivation
tourism
Eman
Mahmoud
1
Department of Hotels studies, High Institute of Tourism, Hotels and Computer, El- Syouf, Alexandria Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Canada
AUTHOR
Ghada
Bassiony
2
Department of Tourism studies, High Institute of Tourism, Hotels and Computer, El- Syouf, Alexandria, Faculty of Tourism and Hotel Management Pharos University, Alexandria
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determining the Critical Factors Affecting Tour Operator Reputation Based on Stakeholders' Perceptions: Reputation Quotient Approach
In today’s highly competitive, dynamic and turbulent business environment, tour operators strive to search for ways to differentiate their offerings and build favorable relationships with company’s stakeholder groups. Reputation is an important mean by which tour operators can maintain a sustainable competitive advantage and ensure a long term relationship with multiple stakeholder groups. A good feeling about a tour operator, its activities, workplace, past performance and future prospects by key stakeholders can lead to a positive stakeholder’s decision about the tour operators. More favorable reputation increase organization performance and attract investors, customers and high-performance employees. Moreover, it enhances customer and employee’s loyalty. Thus, in order to manage corporate reputation, it is necessary to establish sound reputation measurement mechanisms, which inform tour operators of the reputation perceptions which limit or enhance their ability to attract a particular form of support from their stakeholders. The purpose of this study is to explore the most important factors that determine the link between tour operators’ corporate reputation and stakeholders' decisions regarding cooperation in services providing or supporting the operations of a company. In this context, hotels are chosen as the most important stakeholder in tour operator business. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, a model is developed based on the Corporate Reputation Quotient (CRQ) approach. This model is transformed into a questionnaire and 197 hotels’ managers have been asked through this questionnaire to identify the most important factors that lead to the creation of the tour operators’ corporate reputation. The results determine that the "Financial Performance” factor leads to a more favorable reputation. Moreover, concentrating on the "Vision and Leadership" factor can result in a positive perception of the company. On the other hand, the "Emotional Appeal" and "Social Responsibility” factors do not increase the diagnostic value of the corporate reputation. The results also show that there is a significant difference between hotels’ categories (four or five stars) in their perception of the importance of the corporate reputation factors with respect only to the “Products and Services”, “Vision and Leadership”, and “Workplace Environment”. Finally, there is a significant difference between hotels’ gross revenue with respect only to the factors “Products and Services” and “Vision and Leadership” of tour operator reputation.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67238_965fd1fb8cd02a689572c9a0c63ff25f.pdf
2015-06-04
140
157
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67238
Corporate Reputation
Tour Operators
Reputation Management
stakeholders
Reputation Measurement
Reputation Quotient
Ghada
Khairat
1
Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, University of Sadat City
AUTHOR
Azza
Maher
2
Tourism Studies Department, Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, University of Sadat City
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The relationship between the quality of work life and employee satisfaction in five star hotels in Cairo
The aim of this research is to study the relationship between Quality of Work Life (QWL) and employees' satisfaction in hotels. Questionnaires were distributed among employees at five- star hotels in Cairo. The results showed that the quality of work life attributes have a significant effect on employees' satisfaction in general, and especially these attributers (adequate income and fair compensation, and safe and healthy working conditions) that have the largest effect on employees' satisfaction. Based on the results, the study suggested some recommendations for hotels to improve the quality of work life in order to increase employees' satisfaction.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67239_a017bc25a96859dee1e4a57b86848345.pdf
2015-06-04
158
166
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67239
Quality of Work Life
employees
Satisfaction
Hotels
Hanady
Abu Al maaty
hanadymohmed@tourism.suez.edu.eg
1
Hotels studies department, faculty of tourism and hotels, Suez Canal University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction in the Hotel Industry: A Case Study in KSA Hotels
Organizational commitment is defined as a psychological state that binds an employee to an organization. There are three main forms of Organizational commitment: affective, continuance, and normative. It has been linked to several issues related to the employee such as job satisfaction and turnover. There are a limited number of empirical studies that link organizational commitment to job satisfaction in Middle East hotels. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore organizational commitment of employees in Saudi hotels and its relation to their job satisfaction. The study aims to examine the three forms of organizational commitment with job satisfaction. The study used LaMastro’s (1999) instrument to measure organizational commitment, and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) to measure job satisfaction. This paper is part of a project that was conducted in three five-star hotels in Saudi Arabia. Out of 900 forms distributed, 528 forms were successfully filled out. The study found that Affective Organizational Commitment is the most significant form of job satisfaction.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67415_4f3698fe498c185d28c75349fae2fc50.pdf
2015-06-01
167
177
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67415
organizational commitment
Job Satisfaction
Affective
Continuance
Normative
Turnover
Mohamed
Mohsen
1
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Training Barriers in the Middle Eastern Hotel Industry: A Case Study in Saudi Hotels
Training in hotels was found to be useful for the development of the human resources through which hotels deliver services to their guests. Training barriers in hotels in Saudi Arabia have not been empirically explored, especially from the perspective of hotel training managers. The purpose of this study is to explore major barriers that training managers in Saudi Arabian hotels are facing and their impact on the training function in the hotels. The study is aimed at identifying causes of these barriers, and effects on the staff performance. A single embedded case study approach was used, which involved unstructured interviews with hotel training managers and document analysis. The case study was conducted in three Saudi Arabian five-star international chained hotels. All three hotels represented units of the single case study as they all belong to the same chain and following the same brand standards. After conducting and analyzing the interviews along with the documents, thirteen issues have been identified throughout all three units of the case study.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67416_ee2488dd813a4a5b8ce59e6095bd75d9.pdf
2015-06-01
178
187
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67416
Training
Human Resources
barriers
Middle East
Mohamed
Mohsen
1
Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Minia University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Factors That Affect Customers Willingness to Use Self Service Technologies at Hospitality Organizations
Many hotels and restaurants have installed self service check in out and have recently provided new self service technologies. To successfully implement and use self service technologies, it is important for the hospitality operators to understand the factors that determine both willingness and resistance of the customers to use self service technologies. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore factors that affect customers willingness to embrace the usage of self service technologies. Comprehensive understanding of customers behavior related to their demographic factors and readiness will promote successful implementation of new SSTs as well as effective modifications of existing SSTs. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test hypotheses with a sample of 180 consumers. The results indicate that consumer's extrinsic motivation had the most significant impact on their likelihood of using new SSTs. Also, younger customers and those who do not believe in interactions with employees at hospitality industry were also more likely to use these SSTs.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67417_ddb688e3eaea7647779069e9a2097f8a.pdf
2015-06-01
188
198
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67417
Neven
Abd El-Haleam
1
Higher Institute for Tourism and Hotels, Alexandria, EGOTH
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Coins from India with names of Abbasid Caliphs in Cairo and Sultans of Dehli Tughluq Shah and Muhammad ibn Tughluq (720-752 AH / 1320-1351 AD)
This research presents historical, artistic and analytical study of a collection of coins that had not been published before. The coins date back to the reign of Sultan Ghiyath addin Tughluq Shah and Sultan Muhammad ibn Tughluq rulers of Dehli Sultanate in India (720-752 AH / 1320-1351 AD). The collection consists of fifteen coins; there are three coins with the name of Sultan Ghiyath addin Tughluq; the other twelve coins are minted in the reign of Sultan Muhammad ibn Tughluq; on five of these coins, name of the Sultan Muhammad ibn Tughluq is not mentioned and is replaced by the name of the Abbasid Caliph in Cairo; two of these five coins have the name of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Mostakfey be-Allah Abu el-Rabee Soliman, while the other three have the name of the Abbasid Caliph Al-Hakim be-Ammr Allah Abu el-Abbas Ahmed II. It is quite clear from the analysis of these coins that Muhammad ibn Tughluq gives a great care to show that he belongs to the Abbasid Caliphate in Cairo by attributing the legitimacy of his rule to the will and mandate of the Caliph of the Muslims in Cairo; for that reason, he exaggerates in declaring respect to the Caliph. These coins are made of copper or billon except two golden dinars, one of them on behalf of Caliph Al-Mostakfey, and the other on behalf of his son Caliph Al-Hakim II. All the inscriptions had been recorded in naskh handwriting.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67450_9e642c0d076a86fa6a642af98c0e6203.pdf
2015-06-01
1
19
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67450
Coin
India
Dehli
Delhi
Sultanate
Tughluq
Muhammad ibn Tughluq
Caliph
Al-Mostakfey
Al-Hakim II
Ehab
Ali
1
Department of Tourist Guidance - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Fayoum University
AUTHOR
Mervat
Abd El-Latif
2
Department of Tourist Guidance - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Fayoum University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Proposed Tourism Marketing Model for Tourism Destinations during Crisis
The tourism sector is affected negatively by the crisis either at the international or domestic level. Hence, the study aims to propose an effective model of tourism recovery marketing to guide the official tourism sector in various tourism destinations including Egypt. The study relied on many studies which examined the role of tourism marketing in crisis management. The study reached an effective recovery marketing model underpinned on scientific basis such as determining the level of severity of the crisis, restoring security and safety, participating in tourism development, as well as choosing the appropriate marketing mix, and finally monitoring tourism marketing.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67451_c516106b3f7b28e5f313ccab21bdc675.pdf
2015-06-01
21
32
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67451
Recovery Marketing
tourism marketing
Financial Crisis
Egypt
Asmaa
Ahmed
1
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Fayoum University
AUTHOR
Hala
Helaly
2
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Alexandria University
AUTHOR
Moustafa
Hussien
3
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Fayoum University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The effectiveness of the Egyptian marketer’s use of social media to influence the purchase decision of a tourist coming to Egypt
Social media is an information web-based platform where users can share ideas, thoughts, pictures, experiences and so on. It has completely stirred up tourist behavior in their search of information. For this reason, the main purpose of this research is to analyze how tourists use social media along their decision-making process of tourism products. In addition, to define the power of the Egyptian marketers contents through social media in increasing Egyptian tourism demand. Data was collected using a qualitative approach that has taken the form of semi-structured interviews with 110 tourists, in order to explore and describe the best way that tourists use the Egyptian marketer contents on social media platforms along their decision-making process. The findings support that social media is not included in the marketing strategy of tourism sectors in Egypt. Finally, this paper concludes some practical implications for the tourism industry in order to take advantage of social media and increase their presence in marketing strategy.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67452_1d0e6c6f23739bc1a046d43072d8ff56.pdf
2015-06-01
34
49
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67452
Social networks
social networking sites
tourist behavior
the tourist purchase model
Shawky
Elsayed
1
Tourism Studies Department - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Suez Canal University
AUTHOR
Samar
Kamel
2
Tourism Studies Department - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Suez Canal University
AUTHOR
Soad
Omran
3
Tourism Studies Department - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Suez Canal University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Corporate social responsibility as a competitive advantage in the Egyptian airlines (A case study of Egypt Air)
This study aims to clarify the impact of Corporate social responsibility (towards society - environment - suppliers - shareholders - employees - customers) in the airlines to acquire them a competitive advantages, and to identify the means and ways which make airlines get top market share in the air transport market. Field data were collected through a questionnaire designed and distributed to the employees in various Egypt Air sectors.
The results showed the following: Egypt Air message and vision are Compatible with society's values, Egypt Air contributes to youth employment, provides aid and development projects to participate in charitable deeds, also adopt ISO 10002 to meet the wishes of customers and solves their complaints, and provides high quality services.
Egypt Air uses modern methods to get rid of pollutants, also dealing with many suppliers, invite about policies, plans and activities related to operating systems and services.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67453_ce2e50ab018d9b3e0f765a332786ed82.pdf
2015-06-01
50
75
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67453
social responsibility
Competitive advantage
Egypt Air
Nehad
Kamal
1
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Sadat City University
AUTHOR
Mohamed
El-Sherbeny
2
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Sadat City University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Strategic Vision for the Management of Tourist Destinations through maximizing the competitiveness (Application to the City of Alexandria)
The evolution of destination management could be considered as a result of the increased competition, which is reflected in the existence of an increasing interest in measuring the tourist destination competitiveness on the global level, therefore, many of the research studies appeared which have been translated in the form of international models for measuring destination competitiveness to be used by governments and administrative entities so as to maximize the value and impact of tourist destinations. Theories related to the competitiveness of the tourist destination have included three directions, the first theory is concerned with how to identify the competitiveness status of a certain tourist destination, the second focuses on certain aspects of the tourist destination competitiveness, and finally, the theory of providing a range of general models and theories for the study of tourist destination competitiveness. So it becomes necessary that the destination determines the nature of the products offered and their compatibility with the requirements of tourists, which requires the development of a strategic framework for its management in an integrated manner in order to effectuate the competitiveness advantages, targeting an optimal utilization of its resources.
The presence of other reservations related to the nature of the list of competitiveness determinants has been observed especially (Qualitative) and the possibility of including it within the criteria for measuring the competitiveness in general, because of the importance of integrating the determinants of quantity and Qualitative in one frame (which was clearly evident in Dwyer & Kim model. It was found that the practical application of the models needs many complementary and composite actions, while there are a number of models of which the integrative (Dwyer & Kim), which is an integrated project to measure the competitiveness of the tourist destinations through the submission of a full list of competitiveness determinants applicable on the tourist destinations, prompting its usage as a tool to measure the Alexandrian tourist destination competitiveness.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67454_07a97501a434b711c9054f5eb6289f68.pdf
2015-06-01
76
95
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67454
Competitiveness Models – Strategy
Destination Management
Dwyer & Kim model – Alexandria
Heba
Abd El-kareem
1
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Alexandria University
AUTHOR
Hanan
El-Asaar
2
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Alexandria University
AUTHOR
Abeer
Atiya
3
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Alexandria University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Role of Tourism Marketing in Crisis Management in Egypt
The purpose of this study is to analyze the marketing role of both the officials and private tourism marketing bodies during the crisis in the last period in Egypt. The study depended on semi-structured interviews with a purposeful sample of tourism marketing body’s officials and responsible to tourism marketing and managers in tourism companies. The study concluded that there is no crisis management department in the official and private tourism marketing bodies. Furthermore, the Internet is the only distribution means for tourism companies during the travel ban to Egypt. In addition, the reducing prices’ policy is considered wrong. Finally, media and public relation are considered the most important tourism promotional elements during crises.
The presence of other reservations related to the nature of the list of competitiveness determinants has been observed especially (Qualitative) and the possibility of including it within the criteria for measuring the competitiveness in general, because of the importance of integrating the determinants of quantity and Qualitative in one frame (which was clearly evident in Dwyer & Kim model. It was found that the practical application of the models needs many complementary and composite actions, while there are a number of models of which the integrative (Dwyer & Kim), which is an integrated project to measure the competitiveness of the tourist destinations through the submission of a full list of competitiveness determinants applicable on the tourist destinations, prompting its usage as a tool to measure the Alexandrian tourist destination competitiveness.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67455_6c914299268f65e0865b31f820e3c1dc.pdf
2015-06-01
96
111
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67455
tourism marketing
Crisis Management
Egypt
Asmaa
Ahmed
1
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Fayoum University
AUTHOR
Hala
Helaly
2
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Alexandria University
AUTHOR
Moustafa
Hussien
3
Department of Tourism Studies - Faculty of Tourism and Hotels - Fayoum University
AUTHOR
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
An analysis of the Egyptian economic policies and their impact on hotel investment in the aftermath of the 2011 revolution
Hospitality is the sector that received the most 2011 Revolution repercussions since the visitors number dropped by 13.3% to reach 11.9 million in 2010-2011 compared to 13.8 million in 2009-2010. The tourist nights in 2010-2011 fell by 8.7% compared to 2009-2010 (Ministry of Planning and International Cooperation, 2012). And according to the report of the Central Bank of Egypt for the 2012-2013 fiscal years, the economic situation has been improved in response to the political development witnessed by Egypt after the revolution in 30th June 2013. And the surplus of services increased by 19.8% to reach 6.7 billion US dollars by the end of June 2013 compared to 5.6 billion by the end of June 2012.The research aims at monitoring and analyzing the obvious fluctuation in the Egyptian economy and how far the touristic sector is affected by the economic policy. Also, the research is concerned with the study of the governmental economic programs and executive plans and how effective they are in supporting hotel investment, making use of the methodology of hotel economics comparative analysis during the period after 2011. The research depended on analyzing the touristic data that reflects the rate of hotel occupancy, the number of tourist nights, the average room rates and the average tourist expenditure, based on the local and international studies and statistical reports and using the SPSS to compare it with which actually reported in hotels. The researchers used a questionnaire to discuss with the hospitality stakeholders how the Egyptian economic policies impact hotel industry.
https://jaauth.journals.ekb.eg/article_67456_6ab91bcb34c600a71fce7326b46c779c.pdf
2015-06-01
112
127
10.21608/jaauth.2015.67456
Hotel investment
Hotel occupancy
Hotel statistics
Hany
Kozmal
hany_atef2000@yahoo.com
1
Hotel management the higher institute for tourism and hospitality management Egoth Luxor
AUTHOR
Walid
Zayed
2
Egypt Air Training Center
AUTHOR